A Retrospective Analysis of Hysterolaparoscopy Findings of Unexplained Infertility Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Infertility, according to the WHO, is defined as failure to conceive after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. As routine examinations and procedures are often unable to diagnose some pelvic pathologies, hysterolaparoscopy has become an important diagnostic modality to detect some hidden pelvic pathology in infertile females. Purpose: To determine the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of unexplained infertility. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital in Infertility Clinic during 2012 (January) to 2015 (May). In the present study, unexplained infertility patients were recruited, and they underwent diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy between 1st January 2012 and May 2015. Those patients who had no detectable pathology based on history, physical examination, and ultrasound and had treatment for three or more cycles in the form of ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination were included in the study. Moderate and severe male factor infertility was exclusion criteria. Results: Of 130 patients, pelvic pathology by laparoscopy was found in 81 (62.3%) of cases and pelvic inflammatory disease pathology was the most common finding (39.2%). Major hysteroscopic abnormality in our study was septum in 14 cases (10.7%). Conclusions: Hysterolaparoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool for evaluation of certain significant and correctable tuboperitoneal and intrauterine pathologies such as peritoneal endometriosis, adnexal adhesions, and subseptate uterus, which are usually missed by other imaging modalities.